AKS (Azure Kubernetes Service) is a managed container orchestration service provided by Microsoft Azure. It simplifies the deployment, management, and scaling of containerized applications using Kubernetes. AKS abstracts away the underlying infrastructure complexities, allowing developers to focus on deploying and managing their applications.
The architecture of AKS involves several key components working together:
Master Node: The master node is responsible for managing the Kubernetes control plane components, such as the API server, scheduler, and controller manager. These components handle tasks like accepting and processing API requests, scheduling containers, and monitoring cluster health.
Worker Nodes: Worker nodes are the machines where containers are deployed and run. They form the compute resources of the AKS cluster. Each worker node runs the Kubernetes agent (kubelet), which interacts with the control plane and manages containers on the node.
Pods: Pods are the smallest deployable units in Kubernetes. A pod is a logical group of one or more containers that share the same network and storage resources. Pods are scheduled and managed by the Kubernetes scheduler and can be horizontally scaled.
Kubernetes API Server: The API server exposes the Kubernetes API, which allows users to interact with the cluster. It receives and processes API requests, such as creating or scaling deployments, services, and pods.
etcd: etcd is a distributed key-value store that stores the cluster's configuration data, including information about the cluster's state, such as pod definitions, service configurations, and more. It ensures consistency and fault tolerance in the cluster.
Networking: AKS uses a software-defined networking (SDN) solution to enable communication between pods and services within the cluster. It assigns each pod a unique IP address and manages network routing and load balancing.
Load Balancer: AKS automatically provisions an Azure Load Balancer to distribute incoming traffic across the pods in a service. The load balancer helps ensure high availability and scalability of applications.
Storage: AKS provides integration with Azure storage solutions, such as Azure Disk or Azure Files, to enable persistent storage for applications running in the cluster. This allows data to be preserved even if containers are restarted or rescheduled.
Container Registry: AKS integrates with Azure Container Registry (ACR) to store and manage container images. ACR provides a secure and private repository to store and distribute container images used by the AKS cluster.
Overall, AKS architecture combines the power of Kubernetes with the simplicity of a managed service, enabling developers to focus on their applications' logic while benefiting from the scalability, reliability, and flexibility of container orchestration.
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